Relativity and Cosmology

   

Apparent Contraction and Expansion of Space Relative to Absolutely Moving Observer - New Explanation of the Phenomena of Stellar Aberration, Doppler Effect and Mercury Anomalous Perihelion Advance

Authors: Henok Tadesse

Could Albert Einstein be wrong about absolute motion, absolute time and gravity but right about space contraction and the speed of light? Perhaps the great theoretical physicist is not completely wrong. In this paper, a new law of transformation of reference frames for an absolutely moving observer is proposed. We may call this Apparent Source Theory( AST ). With this transformation, the space in front of an absolutely moving observer apparently contracts whereas the space behind an absolutely moving observer expands. Profoundly, AST changes current understanding of the phenomenon of stellar aberration. Stellar aberration occurs because of compression (or expansion ) of space in front of ( behind ) an absolutely moving observer. The apparent change in position of the star is not in the direction of observer’s absolute velocity, as is universally thought, but in the opposite direction! Mercury’s anomalous perihelion advance can be explained by expansion of space as seen by the Sun and as seen by Mercury. AST also provides physical explanation for a new theory already proposed by this author: Exponential Doppler Effect of light: f ' = f eV/c ,λ ' = λ e-V/c. This agrees with the constancy of the phase velocity of light: f 'λ' = f λ= c and can explain the Ives-Stilwell experiment. Not only frequency but also wavelength changes for an absolutely moving observer and the change in wave length for a moving observer can only be explained by apparent expansion or contraction of space as seen by an absolutely moving observer. AST has differences from and similarities to Special Relativity Theory ( SRT ) and/or Lorentz Contraction ( LC ) as follows:1. AST postulates that the phase velocity of light in vacuum is constant c irrespective of source, observer or mirror velocity, but the group velocity of light varies with observer or mirror velocity but is independent of source velocity 2. AST postulates absolute time 3. According to AST, absolute motion exists, but the ether doesn't exist as we know it 4. According to AST, space apparently contracts in front of an absolutely moving observer and expands behind him/her, only as seen by the absolutely moving observer, whereas space (or length ) only contracts, both in the forward and backward directions, as seen by the 'stationary' observer, in SRT and LC. In AST, space contraction is applied only when objects are considered as sources ( sources of light, EM waves, electrostatic fields, gravity ). In Apparent Source Theory, it is assumed that only the position of the light source will apparently change relative to the detector/observer but the mirrors, the beam splitter and all other parts of the apparatus will be assumed to be at their actual/physical positions in the analysis of the experiment. 5. In AST, it is space itself that contracts or expands relative to a moving observer regarding the position of sources 6. AST gives a new law of transformation of space, which is different from Lorentz transformations. 7. In AST, the observer is the light detecting device or the human directly detecting the light and light speed experiments should always be analyzed from the perspective of the inertial observer. More precisely, the observer is the atom detecting the light. According to Apparent Source Theory, the effect of absolute motion of the Michelson-Morley experiment is to create an apparent change in position of the light source as seen by ( relative to ) the observer/detector.The resulting fringe shift is the same as if the source was actually /physically moved to the same position. Intuitively, we can guess that actually changing the source position will not result in significant fringe shift or gives only small fringe shift. Apparent Source Theory not only accounted for the 'null' fringe shift of the Michelson-Morley experiment, but also for the small fringe shifts observed such as in the original Michelson experiment of 1881 and the Miller experiments. It explains many other light speed experiments, including the Sagnac effect, the Marinov experiment, the Silvertooth experiment, the Bryan G Wallace experiment, the Roland De Witte and other experiments.

Comments: 58 Pages.

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Submission history

[v1] 2018-11-02 03:06:14
[v2] 2018-11-09 02:01:06
[v3] 2018-11-28 05:50:55

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