Relativity and Cosmology

1308 Submissions

[27] viXra:1308.0151 [pdf] replaced on 2014-10-11 18:19:39

The Energy-Momentum Pseudo-Tensor of the Gravitational Field is a Mistake

Authors: Radi I. Khrapko
Comments: 6 Pages. Journals' responses are added

It is shown that the right use of the standard energy-momentum pseudo-tensor of the gravitational field increases the calculated mass-energy of a closed system of gravitating bodies, i.e. it is shown that, according to the pseudo-tensor, the energy of the gravitational field is positive, whereas the energy of the gravitational field, if it exists, must be negative. This discredits the pseudo-tensor.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[26] viXra:1308.0148 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-28 19:03:35

Cosmic Background, Euler’s E Natural Logarithm and the Substratum

Authors: John Frederick Sweeney
Comments: 8 Pages.

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), rated at 2.7 degrees Kelvin, is nothing more than the activity of the Substratum of “black hole” invisible matter of Vedic Physics, which begins at the e number or the natural logarithm. The Substratum is one of three types of matter in the universe according to Vedic Physics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[25] viXra:1308.0146 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-28 09:09:56

Unification of Mass and Gravitation in a Common 4D Higgs Compatible Theory

Authors: Jacky JEROME
Comments: 75 Pages.

Since the 1920s, the formulas of mass and gravitation have worked perfectly with high accuracy. However, the basic principle of these two phenomena remains unknown. What is the origin of mass? How can spacetime be curved by mass? What is the mechanism by which spacetime creates gravitation? . . . The solution to these enigmas lies in general relativity. A thorough examination of the Einstein Field Equations highlights some minor inconsistencies concerning the sign and the meaning of tensors. Solving these inconsistencies fully explains the curvature of spacetime, mass, and gravitation, without modifying the mathematics of general relativity. Moreover, this explanation shows that mass and gravitation are two similar phenomena that can be unified in a common 4D Higgs compatible theory. Applications to astrophysics are also very important: black holes, dark matter, dark energy. . .
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[24] viXra:1308.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-27 17:01:12

Vacuum Energy

Authors: Florentino Muñiz Ania
Comments: 2 Pages.

English: (translation) This article provides an alternative way to calculate the vacuum energy spacetime and matches, for a factor of 3 multiplied by the proton-electron mass ratio, with the classical value. Eliminating the error of a factor of $10^{120}$ arises with the quantum field theory (QFT). Spanish: (original) Se ofrece en este artículo una forma alternativa de calcular la presión de vacío del espacio--tiempo y que coincide, en un factor de 3 por la relación de masas del protón y del electron, con el valor clásico. Eliminando el error de un factor de $10^{120}$ que surge con la teoría cuántica de campos (QFT).
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[23] viXra:1308.0141 [pdf] replaced on 2013-08-28 07:26:09

Disposing Classical Field Theory, Part IV

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach
Comments: 5 Pages. Misspellngs corrected, two formulations smoothed.

It is shown a.o. that a gauge invariant scalar (classical and quantum theoretical) electrodynamical field is a trivial field theory; in fact, it is shown that a non-zero scalar gauge field will not be charge/mass conservating, unless it is zero. The classical action of a flux of charged and neutral particles is calculated. It is shown that this action is a spinor field $\Psi$ which satisfies $\Box \Psi=0$, i.e.: the action of neutral and charged currents of particles spreads at the speed of light, a result which was already shown in Part1 of this paper by other means. The fact that both solutions differ only by a constant factor $\gamma^0$, suggests that electromagnetic and gravitational field are of the same nature. Now, why is the gravitational force so much weaker than electromagnetic one? A hint can perhaps be given with Part2.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[22] viXra:1308.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-27 00:24:23

Calculation of the Hubble Parameter from Geometry

Authors: Patrick L. Nash
Comments: 11 Pages.

It is shown that the field equations of Einstein gravity sourced by a real massless scalar inflaton field $\varphi$, with inflaton potential identically equal to zero, cast on an eight-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian manifold $\mathbb{X}_{4,4}$ (a spacetime of four space dimensions and four time dimensions) admit a solution that exhibits temporal exponential \textbf{deflation of three of the four time dimensions} and temporal exponential inflation of three of the four space dimensions. [The signature and dimension of $\mathbb{X}_{4,4}$ are chosen because its tangent spaces satisfy a triality principle \cite{Nash2010} (Minkowski vectors and spinors are equivalent).] Comoving coordinates for the two \textbf{unscaled} dimensions are chosen to be $(x^4 \leftrightarrow \textrm{ time}, x^8 \leftrightarrow \textrm{ space})$. The $x^4$ coordinate corresponds to our universe's observed physical time dimension. The $x^8$ coordinate corresponds to a compact spatial dimension with circumference $C_8$. $C_8$ determines the initial value of the Hubble parameter $H$. Most importantly, this model describes an initially inflating/deflating Universe created with inflaton potential identically equal to zero, which is an initial condition that is exponentially more probable than an initial condition that assumes an initial inflaton potential of order of the Planck mass. This model predicts that the Hubble parameter $H$ during inflation is $ H = \frac{\pi}{3 \, C_8} $.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[21] viXra:1308.0133 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-26 16:57:23

The Dark Side Revealed: A Complete Relativity Theory Predicts the Content of the Universe

Authors: Ramzi Suleiman
Comments: 7 Pages.

Dark energy and dark matter constitute about 95% of the Universe. Nonetheless, not much is known about them. Existing theories, including General Relativity, fail to provide plausible definitions of the two entities, or to predict their amounts in the Universe. The present paper proposes a new special relativity theory, called Complete Relativity theory (CR) that is anchored in Galileo’s relativity, but without the notion of a preferred frame. The theory results are consistent with Newtonian and Quantum mechanics. More importantly, the theory yields natural definitions of dark energy and dark matter and predicts the content of the Universe with high accuracy.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[20] viXra:1308.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-26 07:44:19

Seven Problems the Special Theory of Relativity

Authors: Liu Chaojian
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this paper ,firstly ,by comparing the propagation of light to the mechanical motion of a body, it is pointed out that the propagation of light is not a mechanical motion, the speed of light is not a velocity of mechanical motion and the Galilean relativity principle of mechanics is extended to optics lacks any evidences of theory and reality; secondly, from optics, there is no irreconcilable conflict between the principle of constancy of light velocity and Galilean coordinate transformation, in the special theory of relativity it is thought that the principle of constancy of light velocity contradicts the Galilean coordinate transformation because the propagation of light is looked upon as a mechanical motion and the speed of light looked upon as a velocity of mechanical motion; thirdly, the scientific theory has a range of validity, the range of validity of mechanics is the mechanical motion of a body, the range of validity of optics is the propagation of light; fourthly, the scientific and rational explanation to the Michelson-Morley experiment is to apply classical optics, it is called the speed of the earth relative to the ether is zero, which is not that classical physics has problems, but it is wrong that some physicists look upon the propagation of light as the propagation of light wave occurred in the ether to explain the Michelson-Morley experiment; fifthly, the real and natural space stays the same with the change of the frame of reference; sixthly, the property of time and space of the special theory of relativity is not consistent with reality; seventhly, the present experiment can not confirm the special theory of relativity sufficiently.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[19] viXra:1308.0112 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-21 11:46:03

There is not Dark Energy

Authors: Florentino Muñiz Ania
Comments: 3 pages; 1 Figure.

English (traslate): In this article is to explain why the measures provide the result that lack in the universe around $99\%$ of gravitational energy, contrary to the calculations. Spanish (original): Se trata en este artículo de explicar el porqué las medidas ofrecen el resultado de que falta en el Universo alrededor del $99\%$ de energía gravitatoria, en contra de los cálculos.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[18] viXra:1308.0108 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-20 05:20:57

Geometry of Noninertial Bases in Relativistic Mechanics of Continua and Bell’s Problem Solution

Authors: S.A. Podosenov, A.A. Potapov, Jaykov Foukzon, E.R. Men’kova
Comments: Pages. IJRAP May 2014, Volume 3, Number 2

From obtained equations of structure (integrability conditions of continuum equations) the elemental noninertial reference frames (NRF) are investigated. 1. Relativistic global uniformly accelerated Born’s hard NRF. 2. Relativistic Born’s rigid uniformly rotating RF free of horizon. 3. Rigid vortex-free spherically symmetrical NRF. All these systems are not described in Minkowski space. On the basis of the global equivalence principle the well-known Bell’s problem is solved. The reasonable solution of the problem is absent in the special theory of relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[17] viXra:1308.0104 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-19 12:51:52

On the Divergence of the Negative Energy Density Equation in both Alcubierre and Natario Warp Drive Spacetimes: No Divergence At All

Authors: Fernando Loup
Comments: 25 Pages.

Warp Drives are solutions of the Einstein Field Equations that allows superluminal travel within the framework of General Relativity. There are at the present moment two known solutions: The Alcubierre warp drive discovered in $1994$ and the Natario warp drive discovered in $2001$. However as stated by both Alcubierre and Natario themselves the warp drive violates all the known energy conditions because the stress energy momentum tensor is negative implying in a negative energy density. While from a classical point of view the negative energy is forbidden the Quantum Field Theory allows the existence of very small amounts of it being the Casimir effect a good example as stated by Alcubierre himself.The major drawback concerning negative energies for the warp drive is the huge amount of negative energy able to sustain the warp bubble.In order to perform interstellar space travel to "nearby" stars at $20$ light-years away with potential habitable exo-planets(eg:Gliese $581$) at superluminal speeds in a reasonable amount of time a ship must attain a speed of about $200$ times faster than light.However the negative energy density at such a speed is directly proportional to the factor $10^{48}$ which is $1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000$ times bigger in magnitude than the mass of the planet Earth!!! Some years ago Hiscock published a work in which the composed mixed tensor $\langle {T_\mu}^\nu\rangle$ obtained from the negative energy density tensor $T_{\mu\nu}$ $\mu=0,\nu=0$ of the two-dimensional Alcubierre warp drive metric diverges when the velocity of the ship $vs$ exceeds the speed of light.(see pg $2$ in \cite{ref4}).We demonstrate in this work that in fact this do not happens and the Hiscock result must be re-examined.We introduce here a shape function that defines the Natario warp drive spacetime as an excellent candidate to low the negative energy density requirements from $10^{48}$ to affordable levels.We also discuss Horizons and Doppler Blueshifts that affects the Alcubierre spacetime but not the Natario counterpart.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[16] viXra:1308.0103 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-19 13:29:05

Fractal Spacetime as Tentative Solution for the Cosmological and Coincidence Problems

Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 11 Pages. Submitted for publication in August 2013

Recent years have hinted that the concept of fractal spacetime may play a role in both the “would-be” physics beyond the Standard Model and the large-scale structure of the Universe. Here we explore a scenario where classical spacetime equipped with minimal fractality appears to provide a natural solution for two major challenges of relativistic cosmology, the cosmological constant and coincidence problems.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[15] viXra:1308.0102 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-19 13:47:25

New Tired Light Correctly Predicts the Redshift of the Corbor Galaxy Cluster

Authors: Lyndon Ashmore
Comments: 3 Pages. Presented at the NPA conference College Park, MD USA July 2013

The New Tired Light Theory (NTL) is tested by using known data of the distance to the Corona Borealis galaxy cluster (A2065 in particular) and from this predicting the redshift of the galaxy. The predicted value is then compared to the measured value. In NTL, photons of light are continually absorbed and re-emitted by the electrons in the plasma of intergalactic space which recoil both on absorption and re-emission. Energy is transferred from the photon to the recoiling electron and thus the photon energy is reduced, the frequency is reduced and the wavelength is increased. It is redshifted. Using the wavelength of the ‘K line’ of ion-ised calcium, , standard physics and published collision cross-sections, the predicted redshift by NTL is found to be . This compares favourably with the measured redshift value of - they agree to within 6%. In NTL the energy transferred to the recoiling electron is emitted as secondary photons. The predicted wavelength of these secondary pho-tons is calculated and is shown to be in the microwave region of the electro-magnetic spectrum. This again is consistent with the NTL prediction that these secondary photons form the CMB.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[14] viXra:1308.0101 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-19 09:30:59

On Pseudo-Superluminal Motion

Authors: Anamitra Palit
Comments: 10 Pages. Conference book:http://www.timkamalov.narod.ru/TheorPhys2012.pdf

Modern physics confirms the impossibility of Superluminal Motion through the considerations of Special Relativity. In General Relativity we may apply this constraint rigorously only to the Local Inertial Frames where Einstein’s Field Equations are linear. This article, incidentally seeks to investigate the possibility of Pseudo-Superluminal motion in the non–local context without violating Special Relativity
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[13] viXra:1308.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-19 09:47:27

On Prof. Dr. Werner Frank’s Recent Book Reviews: Unzicker and Haumann

Authors: Stephen J. Crothers
Comments: 5 Pages. This article contains no mathematics. The non-mathematical reader will find a simple proof herein of the invalidity of black hole theory.

This short article dissects false remarks made by Professor Dr. Werner Frank in his reviews of the books by Alexander Unzicker and Raphael Haumann. The books by Unzicker and Haumann rightly criticise the methods and theories of contemporary physics. Although Frank admits that physics is now in a state of intellectual decrepitude, he nonetheless commits the very same offences that he acknowledges currently pervades physics. Black hole theory is particularly refuted herein, very simply, without any recourse to mathematics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[12] viXra:1308.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-17 02:46:18

End of an Era of Point Representations of "Elementary Particles"

Authors: Demjanov Victor
Comments: 8 Pages. Engl.(8) and Russ.(8)

Rooted in the 1920's years corpuscular-wave duality of quantum theory still there remain irreconcilably-contradictory as to the interpretation "of photon by the particle", how and "micro-particle by the allegedly wave". So, are still convinced that the experimentally observed non-classical Compton effect (reduction in the frequency of elec-tromagnetic waves when nonlinear scattering by particles) has only explanation Born's in terms corpuscular mecha-nism of the "elastic" scattering of the "photons-particles" on the "electrons-particles". Inhesion same by all particles specific waves of matter "(waves de Broglie ), however, undermines of their dotted-corpuscular interpretation. De-scribed here is purely wave mechanism of the Compton effect completes this discord owing to detection of electro-magnetic nature of waves the of Compton and de Broglie, which still hidden from us in the interference caustics of different elasticity near the surface of the microparticles. This explains the true cause "of the wave manifestations" in the behavior of different microparticles.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[11] viXra:1308.0079 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-16 13:36:42

Contradicting Relativity with Logic

Authors: Andrew Nassif
Comments: Pages.

The theory of relativity compresses the two theories made by Albert Einstein that are known as: General Relativity and Special Relativity. General Relativity talks about relations in the space-time continuum that relate to energy and the relation in which the momentum of matter and radiation that are found present. It also considers the geometry of space, and motion bodies in free fall, as well as the propagation of light. Special Relativity is the mass-energy equivalence formula E=MC^2 where C is the speed of light in a vacuum. Logical Paradoxes is uses of circular logic in order to contradict something, this is one of the most commonly used methods in questioning something in science, especially theories. Today we will look at using it to question relativity itself, and its possibility. We know that light contains matter, but not the same amount of particles in each part of light, so that means it still could travel at different average speeds. Basically light uses the same particles but not the same amount in each part of its beam, that is one of the reason we can't really calculate the average speed of light, logically. We will use this deep method in terms of professionalism.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[10] viXra:1308.0073 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-14 10:01:23

Flaws in Black Hole Theory and General Relativity

Authors: Stephen J. Crothers
Comments: 12 Pages. This paper formed the basis of my invited talk at the XXIXth International Workshop on High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia, 26-28 June 2013, and was written for publication in its Proceedings. http://indico.cern.ch/event/hepft2013

All alleged black hole models pertain to a universe that is spatially infinite, is eternal, contains only one mass, is not expanding, and is asymptotically flat or asymptotically not flat. But the alleged big bang cosmology pertains to a universe that is spatially finite (one case) or spatially infinite (two different cases), is of finite age, contains radiation and many masses including multiple black holes (some of which are primordial), is expanding, and is not asymptotically anything. Thus the black hole and the big bang contradict one another - they are mutually exclusive. It is surprisingly easy to prove that neither General Relativity nor Newton's theory predicts the black hole. Despite numerous claims for discovery of black holes in their millions, nobody has ever actually found one. It is also not difficult to prove that General Relativity violates the usual conservation of energy and momentum. Fundamentally there are contradictions contained in black hole theory, big bang cosmology, and General Relativity. Numerical methods are therefore to no avail.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[9] viXra:1308.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-13 10:43:42

Effect of Observer Perspective on Wavelength

Authors: Richard K. Love, Sean R. Love
Comments: 73 Pages. Please look at the predictions before judging the paper.

The redshift observed in astronomical measurements is explained as an observational artifact caused by the perspective of the observer, rather than the effect of physical cosmic expansion. The parsec unit of distance is defined in the observer-centered perspective, which is the generic term for the geocentric perspective. This perspective uses taxicab geometry which causes the Earth observer to perceive a longer wavefront travel distance for the parsec unit without a corresponding increase in wavefront travel time. This combination creates a velocity artifact , which, since it is part of each parsec unit, is cumulative with distance. The velocity artifact manifests to the Earth observer as an apparent redshift which only becomes significant at the megaparsec level. Predicted results are very close to expected values. The predicted Hubble constant value is calculated to be and depending on which formula is used. Each of the three values is within NASA’s limits. The artifact is also shown to generate the sinusoidal FRW wave functions for recession velocity, redshift and the scale factor. The artifact predicts a recession velocity of 1 to equal a redshift of 1.46, which equals the expected redshift value. The artifact is also demonstrated to be responsible for the phenomena commonly known as dark energy by causing objects to appear closer than expected due to shorter redshift-distance.. Riess et al (2004) found the redshift distance to be shorter by 10 to 15%. Correction of the artifact error causes the FRW redshift luminosity distance to increase by 14% which can be seen to closely match the intrinsic luminosity distance of the type 1a supernovae (SNe Ia). . The Pioneer anomaly, which is the unmodeled negative acceleration of two spacecraft launched in 1972, is also shown to be the result of the observer-centered perspective. The calculated negative acceleration of -8.745x10-10km/s/s essentially equals NASA’s value
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[8] viXra:1308.0060 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-11 10:36:25

Accelerated Relativity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 15 Pages.

This paper explains the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the electromagnetic inertia, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[7] viXra:1308.0049 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-10 05:40:21

Amazing Facts in General Relativity

Authors: Anamitra Palit
Comments: 16 Pages.

This article seeks to investigate certain astonishing issues in relation to General Relativity (1)The gravitational effects of electric charges(2)Issue of the OPERA neutrinos in a relativity consistent manner as far as possible.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[6] viXra:1308.0040 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-08 08:44:28

Relativity Rviewed

Authors: Anamitra Palit
Comments: 20 Pages.

The paper aims at focusing a greater attention on the errors that might arise due to the commonly practiced Euclidean interpretation of Curved Space time. It also brings out the fact that classical black holes may have world lines coming out of them. The expansion of surface area in response to infalling mass indicates towards the potential of a classical black-hole in developing outwardly directed world-lines. They are not serious “graveyards” as traditional belief deems them to be. There is also a mathematical consideration of the issue of transformations between manifolds of distinct nature.This can lead to establishing the covariance of the physical laws wrt distinct manifolds.Some interesting techniques inrelation to solving Partial Differential equations have been indicated at.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[5] viXra:1308.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-07 05:52:32

Disposing Classical Field Theory, Part III

Authors: Hans Detlef Hüttenbach
Comments: 4 Pages.

It is shown that neutral currents map 1-1 to charged currents and that charge conservation implies mass conservation. This has consequences for quantum theory, quantum field theory, and cosmology, which are explored.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[4] viXra:1308.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-06 07:43:21

Numerical Integration of the Negative Energy Density in the Natario Warp Drive Spacetime Using $3$ Different Natario Shape Functions

Authors: Fernando Loup
Comments: 24 Pages.

Warp Drives are solutions of the Einstein Field Equations that allows superluminal travel within the framework of General Relativity. There are at the present moment two known solutions: The Alcubierre warp drive discovered in $1994$ and the Natario warp drive discovered in $2001$. However as stated by both Alcubierre and Natario themselves the warp drive violates all the known energy conditions because the stress energy momentum tensor is negative implying in a negative energy density. While from a classical point of view the negative energy is forbidden the Quantum Field Theory allows the existence of very small amounts of it being the Casimir effect a good example as stated by Alcubierre himself.The major drawback concerning negative energies for the warp drive is the huge amount of negative energy able to sustain the warp bubble.Ford and Pfenning computed the amount of negative energy needed to maintain an Alcubierre warp drive and they arrived at the result of $10$ times the mass of the entire Universe for a stable warp drive configuration rendering the warp drive impossible.We introduce here $3$ new shape functions that defines the Natario warp drive spacetime and we choose one of these functions as an excellent candidate to low the negative energy density requirements to affordable levels.We demonstrate in this work that both Alcubierre and Natario warp drives have two warped regions and not only one.One of these warped regions is associated with geometry and the other is associated with negative energy requirements.We also discuss Horizons and Doppler Blueshifts that affects the Alcubierre spacetime but not the Natario counterpart.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[3] viXra:1308.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2013-08-06 02:24:31

Spacetime’s Warps and DNA’s Double Helix

Authors: Rodney Bartlett
Comments: 5 Pages.

Being a nonconformist has a good side and a bad side. It's good because it allows your mind to explore ideas that traditional scientists would call crazy (they could learn something – to appreciate craziness - from the great Danish physicist Niels Bohr, who once remarked “Your theory is crazy, but it is not crazy enough to be true"). Nonconformity is bad in the sense that modern science journals never take you seriously and the worldwide science community may never be given a chance to consider or test those crazy ideas. So you end up turning your viXra page into a kind of blog where you can express your ideas (for a limited duration). The latest blog entry is - Can physics explain why space-time is warped - and can physics and biology be united in a way that explains why DNA is a double helix? Keywords include – Albert Einstein, high-frequency gravitational waves, particles and their masses and forces, string theory, binary-digit currents, Mobius loops, Klein bottles, Bose-Einstein condensates, big-bang subuniverses in a steady-state universe, DNA’s double helix, light’s deflection and reflection, 1.75 arcseconds has 2 faces, interacting gravitons and photons, cosmic rays and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, space-time’s coherence/stretching paradox, e infinity quantum-entangles them and deletes paradox, embracing the stars and galaxies of then and now and later
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[2] viXra:1308.0024 [pdf] replaced on 2013-08-11 14:03:14

Contradicting Einstein's Theories

Authors: Andrew Nassif
Comments: 2 Pages.

This idea is so revolutionary that it can change the way we view physics forever. Einstein’s theory is based on the idea that space is curved, when it obviously isn’t. Other scientist earlier in history including: Albert A. Michelson, Robert A. Millikan, Louis Essen, Ernest Rutherford, Herbert Ives, Ernst Mach, Nikola Tesla all have said Einstein’s theory is incorrect. For example, in the Ives-Stilwell experiment, Ives used a particle accelerator to test his theory, but with no classical measurements. He used relativistic measurements instead which made an incorrect theory look correct. This idea made by Andrew Nassif will help us understand Theoretical Physics and Quantum Physics more.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[1] viXra:1308.0020 [pdf] replaced on 2013-08-05 04:25:21

How Graviton Power and Graviton Count from Electro Weak Era Give a Strain Value and 'heavy" Gravity

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 4 Pages. Changed to a word document and made far more concise . the other version rambled

Addition of a driving term to a strain equation ( with a first order derivative added for damping) leads to h(particular) ~ 10^ - 25 strain, due to a particular solution to the strain equation, whereas the usual homogeneous solution has h (homogeneous)~ 10 ^ - 36. The particular solution is due to a constant contribution due to the quark gluon plasma , whereas the homogeneous solution is undetectable, and too small. This also allows for heavy gravity formation.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology